Starting in the late 1700’s, the mining and smelting of iron ore played a major role in the development of Centre County. At that time, mining efforts were hampered by large amounts of clay in the soil. In the 1840’s the invention of the ore washer, and the introduction of the steam engine to power it, created a new beginning to iron ore mining. However, the region’s largest mine operator, Centre Furnace, did not implement an ore washer at any of its ore pits. Instead, they h

Pennsylvania is well known for its trees. It is in our name, after all. Our state holds about 200 different species of trees and a number of them are under threat due to invasive pests or disease. Many of these iconic woody wonders are the focus of specific conservation efforts that will, hopefully, prevent us from losing their contributions of diversity to our forests. For those interested in learning more about the other native species of trees we have a topic dedicated to

Midsummer offers a much different birdwatching experience compared to spring or fall. For example, the many migrating species that use our region as merely a rest-stop have moved on by this time. Therefore most of the birds you can expect to find out and about during midsummer aren’t going anywhere because they are here to build a home and raise a family. Foliage is another factor that affects a birdwatcher’s strategy. Finding birds in the summer requires more listening than

Public art is a defining component of any community’s character. Art can elevate key concepts of a region’s beauty, act as a cultural time-capsule, and offer fresh perspectives on social issues. Here in Central Pennsylvania we are so fortunate to be surrounded by inspiring art, much of it created by local artists. Broadly, public art in our communities can include anything, from the dedicated sculptures and murals displayed on many buildings throughout State College, to the o

More and more we hear, read, and talk about concepts related to sustainability throughout our daily lives. Sustainability can mean many different things to different people, systems, and organizations because it can refer to countless aspects, including climate and the environment, food and energy systems, social justice and equity, and many others. One way to understand how all of these connect to support a sustainable planet and people is to frame sustainability through the